Especies de peces colectadas en la pesca incidental de sardinas (Clupeidae) en Las Barrancas, Alvarado, Veracruz, México.

• DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.1052407029

• Palavras-chave: Pesquería artesanal, biodiversidad, Golfo de México

• Keywords: Artisanal fishery, biodiversity, Gulf of Mexico

• Abstract: Based on the update of the biodiversity of fish species caught incidentally in artisanal sardine fishing in the town of Las Barrancas, Veracruz, Mexico, it was found that this fishery represents a social process that portrays the situation of human communities that depend on coastal fishery resources. Biological and ecological information was obtained from structured bibliographic inquiry, describing the sampling methods used from 1999 to 2012, defining the most important species and families using frequency in the samples and abundance, were added information on specific sizes, weights, and gonadic maturity. The inventory of fish species was compared to the Veracruz Reef System National Park fish species inventory. The fishing process and the socio-economic information of the community were also inquired. This fishery is based on Sardinella aurita, Harengula clupeola, Harengula jaguana, and Opisthonema oglinum, which are consumed fresh and bait mainly. A total of 119 species of fish were recorded, of two classes, 13 orders, 49 families and 92 genera; the most numerous families were Carangidae (19 species) and Sciaenidae (11 species). The most important species were Eucinostomus melanopterus, Chloroscombrus chrysurus, Caranx crysos, Oligoplites saurus, and Diapterus auratus. Only 13 species have not been reported in the Veracruz Reef System National Park fish inventory. The community that depends on this fishery is classified as a socio-economically marginalized group, with little access to basic services, low education level, subject to the availability of fishery resources and fluctuating marketing prices; changes in the abundance of fishing force them to use the bycatch fish mainly for self-consumption, in recent times the fishing yards of Las Barrancas have been reduced by the sea level rise, which in the medium term may diminish the use of these resources that until now are partially known and for this reason are not regulated.