Ensaio em busca de um novo equilíbrio entre Ambiente, Direito e Ética
Ensaio em busca de um novo equilíbrio entre Ambiente, Direito e Ética
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DOI: 10.22533/at.ed.00623161119
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Palavras-chave: Direito Ambiental; Ética Ambiental; Filosofia do Direito.
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Keywords: Environmental Law; Environmental Ethics; Philosophy of Law.
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Abstract: This essay explores intertextual dialogues to reflect on the relationship between Ethics, Law, and the Environment. Texts by Ailton Krenak were the main reference. To engage in a dialogue with them, an article by the French philosopher Jean-Philippe Pierron entitled La pensée et le mouvant: le droit à l'épreuve de l'environnement (The thought and the moving: the law facing the environment) was used. The Krenak people believe that nature is sacred and that every being, whether human or not, is a part of it. Pierron reflects on the loss of sacredness of nature, attributing to Thomas Aquinas a canonical version of this ontological conception of nature. To illustrate how much the idea of natural law has changed since Thomas Aquinas, Pierron first discusses human rights, in transition from antiquity to modernity, and then Environmental Law, in transition from modernity to late modernity. As Krenak demonstrates, what is sacred does not necessarily have to be religious. Therefore, regarding nature as sacred would not violate, e.g, the laicity of the State. Pierron argues that sacredness of nature is not unfamiliar to jurists. He suggests that this profaned, exploited nature has become an object of responsibilities. According to Pierron, when nature is no longer considered sacred, transgressions are no longer recognized, and actions upon it lose their limits. Then Environmental Law must be conscious of the instability of the foundations upon which it intends to establish law and order. This entails a renewed scientific knowledge of nature and an anthropological understanding of the relationship between nature and humanity, exploited by the latter's technical powers. Therefore, it is necessary to delve deeper into the recognition of metaphysical dimensions of nature, not only within Environmental Law, but across all legal domains. Law is responsible for acknowledge more egalitarian foundations for the human relationship with nature.
- Larissa Perdigao
- Michelle Zampieri Ipolito