EFEITO IN VITRO DO GUARANÁ (Paullinia cupana, Mart) NA PROTEÇÃO DE CÉLULAS NEURAIS SH-SY5Y EXPOSTAS AO METILMERCÚRIO
EFEITO IN VITRO DO GUARANÁ (Paullinia cupana, Mart) NA PROTEÇÃO DE CÉLULAS NEURAIS SH-SY5Y EXPOSTAS AO METILMERCÚRIO
-
DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.0062415023
-
Palavras-chave: neurotoxicidade, mercúrio, genotoxicidade, frutos amazônicos
-
Keywords: neurotoxicity, genotoxicity, Mercury, Amazonian fruits
-
Abstract: ABSTRACT Exposure to methylmercury (MeHg) has been associated with neurotoxicity in various human populations, including genotoxicity (DNA damage). However, Amazonian riverside populations that have been chronically exposed to high levels of MeHg caused by gold and silver mining and deforestation do not show neurotoxic effects, which are evident in other populations exposed to high concentrations of MeHg, such as the population of Minamata (Japan) where a PVC production company dumped mercury-containing waste into Minamata Bay, contaminating fish and seafood, the main source of food for the local population. The mercury contamination caused serious neurological illnesses in many of Minamata's inhabitants. One hypothesis to explain these results would be the diet rich in antioxidants found in Amazonian fruits. Previous studies have suggested that guarana has antioxidant, anti-flammatory and genoprotective effects against exposure to various environmental pollutants. In this context, our aim was to assess whether guarana has a genoprotective effect on SH-SY5Y neural cells exposed to MeHg. To conduct this study, the cells were obtained commercially and cultured under sterile and standardized conditions. They were first exposed to concentrations of 0.1-0.3-0.5-0.7- 1 μM of MeHg and then to concentrations of 1- 5- 10-30-70-100 ug/mL of the hydroalcoholic extract of guarana. The rate of cell proliferation in 72-hour cultures was assessed, and the effect on DNA was analyzed using two tests: the DNA Comet assay and the quantification of 8-deoxyguanosine levels by ELISA. The results showed that guarana was able to partially reverse the DNA damage caused by exposure to 5μM of MeHg in the two genotoxicity tests used. These results together suggest that guarana could contribute to reducing the neurotoxic effect caused by chronic exposure to MeHg in the riverside populations of Amazonas.
- Juliane Santiago Sasso
- Suziane da Cruz
- Verônica Farina Azzolin
- Fernanda Barbisan
- Ivana Beatrice Mânica da Cruz
- Euler Esteves Ribeiro
- Fernanda dos Santos Trombini
- Marcos Francisco Simon
- Cindhy Suely Da Silva Medeiros