EFECTO DEL SOMBREAMIENTO SOBRE EL CRECIMIENTO Y LA FISIOLOGIA DEL CAFÉ (Coffea arábica L) VARIEDAD CASTILLO ® EN EL MUNICIPIO DE LA FLORIDA ECOTOPO 221A DE NARIÑO.
EFECTO DEL SOMBREAMIENTO SOBRE EL CRECIMIENTO Y LA FISIOLOGIA DEL CAFÉ (Coffea arábica L) VARIEDAD CASTILLO ® EN EL MUNICIPIO DE LA FLORIDA ECOTOPO 221A DE NARIÑO.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.6492413042
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Palavras-chave: Radiación fotosintéticamente activa, sombrío, fisiología de cultivo, crecimiento vegetal, índices fisiológicos.
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Keywords: photosynthetically active radiation, gloomy, crop physiology, plant growth, physiological indices.
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Abstract: Coffee production in Colombia, during the third quarter of 2021, grew 21.6% compared to the same period in 2022, reaching 8.8 million bags in the first nine months of the year. This positive behavior was driven by the good climate that favored the productivity peaks of the coffee park, and by the entry into production of approximately 117 thousand hectares that were renewed in recent years. The Colombian coffee zone is characterized by high cloud cover during the day, which can be estimated from the records of sunlight and by the availability of water in the soil, a variable quantified through regional water balances (Jaramillo, 2005). These two conditions, determinants of coffee production, must be taken into account to guide cultivation practices, including shading. In this research project, the behavior of different physiological variables was evaluated, under different levels of shading 0%, 35%, 50% and 65%, the variables of net assimilation index and relative growth index, the treatment sown with 35%. of shading, presents the highest values in the physiological index variables in relation to the 50 and 65% shading treatments. The crop growth indices, leaf area and leaf area index had higher values in the treatments planted under shade of 65% (0.48), 35 and 50% (0.48) than the treatment planted under free sun exposure. (0.19); The analysis of variance presented statistical differences in root dry weight (13.91g; 68.83g; 11.83g), length of branches in the upper stratum (15.85cm; 59.16cm; 9.83cm), and plant height (59.16 cm; 59.33 cm; 68.83 cm;) for the 35, 50 and 65% shade treatments respectively; Within the physiological variables that include the dry biomass of leaves, stems, total and length of branches of the middle third, they were favored in the treatments corresponding to 65 and 35% shading, thus presenting significant statistical differences.
- José Julian Apraez Muñoz
- Nathalia Apraez Muñoz
