Do Judaísmo Europeu ao Espiritismo Brasileiro: um Diálogo Sobre a Essência da Religião e o seu Caráter Não-Violento na Ética de Emmanuel Lévinas e José Herculano Pires.
Do Judaísmo Europeu ao Espiritismo Brasileiro: um Diálogo Sobre a Essência da Religião e o seu Caráter Não-Violento na Ética de Emmanuel Lévinas e José Herculano Pires.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.6942409052
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Palavras-chave: Alteridade, Ética; Herculano Pires; Lévinas; Religião.
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Keywords: Otherness, Ethics; Herculano Pires; Lévinas; Religion.
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Abstract: The objective of this work is to present and develop a dialogue about the essence of religion and its non-violent character contained in the ethics of the European philosopher Emmanuel Lévinas and the Brazilian spiritualist philosopher José Herculano Pires. Even though they come from different philosophical and religious traditions: Lévinas of Judaism and Pires of Spiritism, both based on Christianity, make considerations against both Onto-theology and the dogmatic and irrational practice of religious structures, which promoted and still promote violence against humanity, in the name of beliefs and dogmas established according to a supposed knowledge or conception of God that inspires the destruction or annulment of the Other. The method used will be research into bibliographical sources. Both Emmanuel Lévinas and José Herculano Pires point out that the violent character in religious circles has its origins in man's egolatry, ambition, indifference, selfishness and fanaticism. According to these two philosophers, such a posture of solipsistic subjectivity ends up completely denying what is different and its own transcendence, establishing a situation of violence, contrary to the essence of religion itself. Finally, we will also present the issue of religion and its intersubjective relationship between the Same and the Other, marked by otherness, and which is essentially present in the reflections of these two thinkers, since both, starting from this conception, propose an ethical relationship based on otherness that seeks to annul violence in the name of an anthropomorphic and sacred God, who does not take into account the sanctity of human life.
- Edson Santos Pio Júnior
- Rogério Luis da Rocha Seixas