DINÂMICAS EVOLUTIVAS E APLICAÇÕES TERAPÊUTICAS DOS ÓLEOS ESSENCIAIS DO GÊNERO Piper L.

• DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.9872421064

• Palavras-chave: Fitoquímica; Adaptações evolutivas; Aplicações medicinais; Modulações ecológicas

• Keywords: Phytochemistry; Evolutionary adaptations; Medicinal applications; Ecological modulations

• Abstract: This chapter addresses the evolutionary complexity and the phytotherapeutic potential of essential oils from the Piper L. genus, highlighting their ecological role and relevance in both traditional and contemporary medicine. We investigate the secondary metabolism of these plants, revealing how evolutionary adaptations have led to the biosynthesis of a rich diversity of chemical compounds. These compounds not only provide protection to the plants against predators and diseases but also mediate their interactions with the environment, influencing the attraction of pollinators and the repelling of herbivores. The analysis presents the environmental, genetic, and ontogenetic factors that shape the chemical composition of essential oils, underscoring the significance of their variability for applications in areas such as pharmacology, cosmetics, and agriculture. Furthermore, we discuss the importance of Piper species, emphasizing not only their economic and medicinal value but also their contribution to biodiversity and the need for sustainable strategies for their conservation and use. We conclude with a call for further research to elucidate the mechanisms of essential oil biosynthesis and explore how this knowledge can be applied to optimize their use for the benefit of humanity. We emphasize the importance of the Piper genus in phytotherapy and environmental conservation, highlighting the potential of these species in promoting human health and ecological sustainability.