Desenvolvimento de formulações e análise da qualidade de shampoos sólidos produzidos por saponificação e emulsificação

• DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.569112531038

• Palavras-chave: cosmetologia; desenvolvimento de novos produtos; controle da qualidade

• Keywords: cosmetology; new product development; quality control

• Abstract: Environmental issues associated with traditional liquid shampoos, such as high water consumption and the use of rigid plastic packaging, have driven the cosmetics and personal care industry to seek more sustainable alternatives. In this context, solid shampoos have emerged as a viable solution, standing out due to their lower water requirement in formulation, greater durability, and reduced microplastic pollution. Given this, the aim of this study was to develop formulations and analyze the quality of solid shampoos produced by saponification and pressing. In saponification process, reactions between vegetable oils and sodium hydroxide were used to obtain solid bars after curing periods. In pressing method, sodium cocoyl isethionate (SCI), alcohols, and essential oils were used to produce bars without a saponification reaction. The characterizations included pH analysis, physical resistance, foam stability, and sensory tests. Pressed bars showed a pH closer to the ideal for the scalp (between 4 and 5), while the saponified ones had an alkaline pH, unsuitable for the intended use. In sensory terms, saponified shampoos received higher ratings in 5 out of the 6 evaluated parameters. In physical tests, saponified bars showed greater drop resistance and better foam formation due to the bonds formed during the reaction, while pressed bars had greater stability when in contact with water. Although each formulation and process presents specific advantages, the pressed bars were superior, especially considering safety for human use in hygiene and personal care, paving the way for future studies on composition optimization and assessment of economic feasibility in large-scale.