DEGENERAÇÃO MIXOMATOSA VALVAR MITRAL EM CÃO DA RAÇA POODLE: RELATO DE CASO

• DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.3441225090613

• Palavras-chave: Degeneração mixomatosa valvar mitral, prolapso de válvula mitral, DMVM, insuficiência cardíaca, ecodopplercardiograma.

• Keywords: Myxomatous mitral valve degeneration; mitral valve prolapse; MMVD; heart failure; Doppler echocardiography

• Abstract: This case report aims to describe a case of myxomatous mitral valve degeneration (MMVD) in a Poodle dog, outlining the diagnostic methods used to reach a definitive diagnosis and the principles of appropriate therapeutic management. MMVD is a disease that causes irreversible degeneration of the cardiac valves and most commonly affects the mitral valve. The pathophysiology involves elongation of the chordae tendineae and thickening of the valve leaflets. Initially, the disease is asymptomatic; as MMVD progresses, cough and dyspnea may develop. The diagnosis of mitral valve prolapse is established based on clinical history, clinical signs, and diagnostic testing, particularly Doppler echocardiography, which is considered the gold standard for diagnosing and staging MMVD in dogs. Echocardiographic information on ventricular function also determines prognosis in animals with MMVD, as systolic dysfunction is a risk factor in these patients and contributes to the development of heart failure. Treatment is instituted with diuretics, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, positive inotropes, and arteriolar vasodilators. Herein, we report the case of a Poodle that was presented to Rio Vet Veterinary Clinic with respiratory difficulty and an episode of syncope. Following clinical evaluation and ancillary diagnostic testing, MMVD was diagnosed.