Controle sobre nascimentos e direitos reprodutivos em processo de afirmação histórica
Controle sobre nascimentos e direitos reprodutivos em processo de afirmação histórica
DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.29625190310
Palavras-chave: Direitos reprodutivos; biopoder; medicalização; hospitalização; parto
Keywords: Reproductive rights; biopower; medicalization; hospitalization; childbirth
Abstract: The present work aims to understand the historical relationship of (necro)biopower that the capitalist State establishes with the bodies of individuals, especially those of women, in the exercise of control over births, populations and workforce and, with this, evaluate the dynamics involving women and violence, notably the violation of their reproductive rights. The institutionalization of care itself only occurred when doctors were incorporated into the hospital dynamics for an intervention with the purpose of healing. To reduce the risk of maternal and neonatal death, the idea that, through medical and hospital care, it was possible to reduce the “suffering” of the natural process of parturition gave rise to the new model of reproductive health care. However, there was a loss of women's autonomy and protagonism in this new institutional relationship, marked by hierarchy, order and discipline. The demand for reproductive rights was only possible when, politically and collectively organized in social movements. In the 1970s, the defense of the “emancipation of women” gave direction to the UN institutional policy, bringing it closer to feminist movements with the promotion of various international activities and interpellation with national governments for the inclusion of the agenda in their domestic action programs. In this moment of capitalist crisis, it is necessary to restore the State's normative guidelines that guide the actions of biomedical professionals, as a feminist strategy to recover the pregnant body that has become an object of manipulation.
- PALOMA LEITE DINIZ FARIAS