CONTRASOCIOLOGÍA DE LA INFANCIA Y ANTIPSIQUIATRÍA INFANTIL
CONTRASOCIOLOGÍA DE LA INFANCIA Y ANTIPSIQUIATRÍA INFANTIL
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.477112501048
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Palavras-chave: Infancia, institucionalización, psiquiatrialización
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Keywords: Childhood, institutionalization, psychiatrialization
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Abstract: Based on the recognition of the heterogeneity of childhood, the objective of this article is to reflect on the socialization processes that occur in institutionalized children and adolescents and, also, on the basis of the main premises that support «non-institutionalization», it seeks to propose that the «psychiatrialization» of the behavior of institutionalized children and adolescents - among other things - has contributed to the crisis of Residential Reception Centers as resocializing instances for at-risk children. Because problems of coexistence and adaptation have been present in residential care, pedagogical, psychological and sociological categories have emerged that address child behavior, which are generically called maladjustment. This has theoretically migrated towards the psychopathological category that was classified in the DSM** as antisocial disorder, in which medicalization is conceived as the only possible alternative to control unwanted behavior in children and adolescents. This perspective understands childhood as a category of analysis under construction and institutionalization as a socially constructed and historically variable phenomenon in which children and adolescents are not seen as leading social actors and, therefore, when controlled with the resources of child psychiatry, they are excluded from society. ** Acronym for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders published by the American Psychiatric Association.
- Clody Genaro Guillén Albán