CONSEQUÊNCIAS E COMPLICAÇÕES DAS INFECÇÕES DO TRATO URINÁRIO EM GESTANTES UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA

• DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.886142430102

• Palavras-chave: gravidez, bactérias, infecção do trato urinário

• Keywords: pregnancy, bacteria, urinary tract infection.

• Abstract: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are considered the most frequent clinical complication during pregnancy, arising due to a failure in the defense system against invading agents that can cause injuries of varying degrees for both the mother and the fetus. This study highlights the main microbiological agents, clinical classifications, resulting complications, and therapeutic approaches. An integrative literature review was conducted, utilizing articles published between the years 2019 and 2023 in the Portuguese language, which were fully available in the SciELO and Google Scholar databases. The findings demonstrated that UTIs during pregnancy are caused by hormonal, anatomical, and physiological factors, which promote bacterial growth. These infections are typically caused by bacteria from the intestinal microbiota that contaminate the urinary tract, with Escherichia coli being the most predominant agent, accounting for 80% of cases. For effective treatment, it is crucial to identify the bacteria responsible for the infection in order to select the appropriate antibiotic. Thus, for the reduction and control of UTI cases, prenatal consultations and early examinations should be carried out to diagnose the infection, aiming to prevent potential perinatal and maternal complications. The incidence of pregnant individuals facing life-threatening clinical complications poses a health challenge in the country, underscoring the importance of prioritizing primary care coverage and the implementation of intervention policies to mitigate this situation. For effective and conclusive treatment, it is essential to identify the bacteria causing the infection to select the suitable antibiotic, thereby favoring an early approach.