CONSEQUÊNCIAS DO USO PROLONGADO DE METILFENIDATO EM CRIANÇAS E ADOLESCENTES
CONSEQUÊNCIAS DO USO PROLONGADO DE METILFENIDATO EM CRIANÇAS E ADOLESCENTES
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.883182624116
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Palavras-chave: Transtorno do Déficit de Atenção com Hiperatividade. Metilfenidato. Efeito a Longo Prazo.
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Keywords: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. Methylphenidate. Long-Term Effect.
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Abstract: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurological condition characterized by inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity, prevalent in childhood and often coexisting with other neuropsychiatric disorders. Methylphenidate is the primary 4 pharmacological treatment, widely used due to its effectiveness, although the long-term impacts of its use remain poorly understood. This study aims to investigate the prolonged effects of methylphenidate in children and adolescents with ADHD, assessing its efficacy and potential risks associated with continuous use. An integrative review was conducted using the Virtual Health Library, focusing on clinical articles published in the last five years. The descriptors included "Methylphenidate," "Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder," and "Long-Term Effect." Studies were selected based on analyses of methylphenidate’s effects on clinical and behavioral parameters in children and adolescents with ADHD. The findings highlighted that methylphenidate is effective in reducing ADHD symptoms. However, concerns were identified regarding potential adverse effects, such as changes in growth, weight, and blood pressure, as well as psychiatric events, particularly in younger children. Adolescents faced cognitive challenges associated with treatment discontinuation, underscoring the need for continuous monitoring. Longitudinal studies employed methods such as neuropsychological and biometric assessments, emphasizing the importance of monitoring. However, limitations like heterogeneity in study populations and methodologies hinder a uniform interpretation of the findings. Methylphenidate remains an effective option for managing ADHD, but its prolonged use requires rigorous vigilance to balance benefits and risks. Treatment personalization is recommended, considering factors such as age, comorbidities, and socioeconomic context. Furthermore, public policies and support strategies are crucial to mitigating inequalities in treatment access and promoting safer and more effective management of the condition.
- ADRIANA FELIX DOS SANTOS
- Cristiane Gomes Lima