COMPOSTAGEM DE RESÍDUOS NO CONTEXTO AGRÍCOLA
COMPOSTAGEM DE RESÍDUOS NO CONTEXTO AGRÍCOLA
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.88826300410
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Palavras-chave: Agricultura Sustentável; Ciclagem de nutrientes; Composto Orgânico; Economia circular; Matéria Orgânica.
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Keywords: Sustainable agriculture; Nutrient cycling; Organic compost; Circular economy; Organic matter.
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Abstract: The intensification of agricultural activities has generated large volumes of organic waste, such as crop residues, manure, prunings, plant materials, and animal by-products, which, if improperly managed, can cause contamination of water resources, proliferation of pests, and emission of greenhouse gases. However, these residues have high agronomic potential when subjected to proper stabilization processes, with composting being one of the most efficient practices for their utilization. This is a controlled biological process in which microorganisms transform organic matter into a stable, nutrient-rich compost, eliminating odors, reducing moisture, and inactivating pathogens and weed seeds, especially during the thermophilic phase (55–65 °C). When carried out on the farm, composting is simple, economical, and environmentally safe, providing a high-quality organic input that improves soil properties, increases water retention, reduces leaching losses, and decreases dependence on mineral fertilizers. Its benefits include the recovery of degraded soils, carbon sequestration, cost reduction, and strengthening of family farming, especially when combined with producer training and cooperation. Experiences in sectors such as viticulture and horticulture prove their technical and economic feasibility. In livestock farming, composting carcasses and manure is a safer alternative than burial or incineration, minimizing contamination and odor risks and converting high-impact waste into valuable inputs. Thus, it is consolidated as a central strategy in the sustainable management of agricultural waste, combining environmental gains, technical feasibility, and socioeconomic benefits, whose expansion depends on public policies, incentives, and training to promote more sustainable and resilient production systems.
- Marizane da Fonseca Duarte
- Luana Vahl Cousen
- Murilo Fuentes Pelloso
- Adriane da Fonseca Duarte