Comparação entre enxertos autólogos, alógenos e bioengenheirados no tratamento de queimaduras extensas: uma revisão de literatura
Comparação entre enxertos autólogos, alógenos e bioengenheirados no tratamento de queimaduras extensas: uma revisão de literatura
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.9382517094
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Palavras-chave: queimaduras, enxertos de pele, enxerto autólogo, enxerto alógeno, substitutos bioengenheirados, regeneração cutânea.
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Keywords: burns, skin grafts, autologous graft, allogeneic graft, bioengineered substitutes, skin regeneration.
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Abstract: Introduction: Extensive burns are a major challenge in reconstructive plastic surgery, requiring efficient wound coverage to restore skin function and aesthetics. Autologous grafts remain the gold standard but are limited by donor site availability. Allogeneic and bioengineered dermal substitutes have emerged as promising alternatives. Objective: To compare the clinical and laboratory outcomes of autologous, allogeneic, and bioengineered grafts in the treatment of extensive burns, highlighting recent advances and literature gaps. Methods: Literature review of studies published between 2019 and 2024, including clinical trials, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and relevant experimental studies. Searches were conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science, extracting data on graft type, clinical outcomes, healing time, scar quality, and complications. Results: Autologous grafts showed effective integration and low immunologic rejection but are limited by donor area availability. Allogeneic grafts act as temporary coverage, whereas bioengineered substitutes demonstrated safety, improved scar quality, and reduced donor site requirements. Experimental studies suggest more organized skin regeneration with acellular dermal matrices combined with mesenchymal cells. Conclusion: While autologous grafts remain the standard reference, allogeneic and bioengineered substitutes expand therapeutic options, offering innovative solutions for extensive burns and enhancing functional and aesthetic outcomes. Future larger studies with longer follow-up are necessary to consolidate clinical use.
- Tallitha Grawnth Santos Vidal
- João Vitor Tavares França
- Letho Carrilho Goulart
- Fábio do Couto Bandeira
- Guilherme Pereira Matias
- Gabriella Salomão de Paula
- Thaís Cunha Aguiar Gomes
- Júlia Fonseca Carneiro
- Isadora Alves Mendonça
- Natália Neves Peixoto de Castro