CARACTERÍSTICAS DE HTR1A E A PREDISPOSIÇÃO AO DESENVOLVIMENTO DE ANSIEDADE
CARACTERÍSTICAS DE HTR1A E A PREDISPOSIÇÃO AO DESENVOLVIMENTO DE ANSIEDADE
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DOI: 10.22533/at.ed.6582315121
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Palavras-chave: Serotonina; Bioinformática; Polimorfismo
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Keywords: Serotonin; Bioinformatics; Polymorphism
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Abstract: In the first pandemic year there was a 25% increase in anxiety disorders according to the world health organization. The fear, excessive worry, fatigue, irritability, apprehension, anticipation of a future threat are some of the symptoms that may affect the person with an anxiety disorder. Serotonin (5-HT) is a neurotransmitter and hormone that acts on several physiological functions in our body, such as cardiovascular and intestinal functions, respiratory system, mood, sleep, appetite, aggression, among others. It is obtained through the conversion of the amino acid tryptophan into 5-hydroxytryptamine (known as 5-HT), through the enzymes tryptophan hydroxylase and aromatic acid decarboxylase. Serotonergic receptors are grouped into seven large families: 5-HT1, 5-HT2, 5-HT3, 5-HT4, 5-HT5, 5-HT6 and 5-HT7. The HTR1A subtype is characterized by being an inhibitory receptor coupled to the G protein, which can act as an autoreceptor or a heteroreceptor, in addition to regulating 5-HT levels in serotonergic areas. It participates in several metabolic pathways, such as the serotonergic synapse, and is located in limbic regions of the brain, among them, in the dorsal and median raphe nuclei and in pre-synaptic (somato-dendritic level) and post-synaptic (prosencephalic region) neurons. At least seven polymorphisms were found that have already been described for HTR1A (C(-1019)G, Arg219Leu, Ala50Val, Gly22Ser, SNPs rs6295, rs749098 and rs878567) and all of them are associated with the disorder whether in its development, susceptibility or changes in levels of anxiety. Moreover, the present work brings relevant information on the relationship between the genetic and biochemical characteristics of HTR1A (obtained through bioinformatics platforms and specialized bibliographical research) and the predisposition to the development of anxiety disorders.
- Mayume Martins Santana