BARREIRAS LINGUÍSTICAS, ACESSO, EQUIDADE E ATENÇÃO PRIMÁRIA À SAÚDE NAS POPULAÇÕES INDÍGENAS

• DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.6691725210814

• Palavras-chave: Barreiras Linguísticas; Segurança do Paciente; Saúde Indígena.

• Keywords: Language Barriers; Patient Safety; Indigenous Health

• Abstract: Brazil has 1,693,535 Indigenous people, more than 305 ethnic groups, and approximately 274 languages ​​spoken, according to the IBGE (2022). In this context, the promotion of safer, more reliable, and more effective healthcare needs to be aligned with the sociocultural realities of Indigenous peoples. This chapter explores how language barriers, combined with lack of access and equity, constitute critical determinants of healthcare risk, focusing on communities such as the Fulni-ô, Yanomami, Guarani-Kaiowá, Tikuna, and others. It also discusses strategies based on innovation, evidence, and governance that aim to improve patient safety in the Unified Health System (SUS), aligning with the policy of safe practices in healthcare. The objective of this chapter is to promote discussions to strengthen, consolidate knowledge and develop safe practices that respect the cultural and linguistic specificities of indigenous communities, contributing to reliable and equitable care. An integrative review of the last five years (2020 to 2025) was carried out to assess linguistic and communication barriers, which directly impact adherence to health treatment and patient safety. It was observed that Primary Health Care (PHC) in the Indigenous context needs to be adapted to sociocultural, territorial, and linguistic specificities to ensure equity and comprehensive care. It was concluded that language barriers, limited access, and persistent inequities pose substantial challenges to patient safety among Indigenous populations within the Unified Health System.