AVANÇOS NO DIAGNÓSTICO, TRATAMENTO E QUALIDADE DE VIDA NA ESCLEROSE LATERAL AMIOTRÓFICA (ELA): UMA REVISÃO NARRATIVA
AVANÇOS NO DIAGNÓSTICO, TRATAMENTO E QUALIDADE DE VIDA NA ESCLEROSE LATERAL AMIOTRÓFICA (ELA): UMA REVISÃO NARRATIVA
DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.865132515026
Palavras-chave: Diagnóstico Precoce, Protocolos de Tratamento, Qualidade de Vida e Esclerose Lateral Amiotrófica.
Keywords: Early Diagnosis, Treatment Protocols, Quality of Life and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis.
Abstract: Objective: To analyze recent advances in the diagnosis, treatment, and strategies to improve the quality of life of patients with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). Materials and methods: This is a narrative review of the literature, carried out in January 2025, from the PubMed®, SciELO, LILACS, ScienceDirect, MEDLINE, and Web of Science databases, covering publications between 2019 and 2025. The following descriptors were used in Portuguese and English: Early Diagnosis, Treatment Protocols, quality of life, and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, crossed by the Boolean operator AND. Results: The diagnosis of ALS can be challenging, especially in the early stages, when symptoms are localized. Technological advances, such as the use of diffusional kurtosis tests and biomarkers such as mitochondrial DNA and neurofilament light chain, have contributed to more accurate detection and monitoring of disease progression. However, treatment remains limited, with riluzole being the only approved drug, offering modest benefits. Quality of life (QoL) of patients is severely impacted by disease progression, loss of independence, and emotional and cognitive challenges. Caregiver burden is also a concern, affecting not only the patient but also the QoL of those who assume daily care. The relationship between patient functionality and their QoL is close, highlighting the importance of a multidisciplinary therapeutic approach. Symptomatic care, psychological support, and strategies that involve both patient and caregivers are essential to improve the well-being and quality of life of this population. Final considerations: The management of ALS should be holistic, involving not only medical treatment but also psychological and emotional support for patients and their families.
- Ezequiel Almeida Barros
- FRANCISCA SANTOS SOUZA NETA
- LYSLANE GOMES ATAÍDE
- GABRIEL PEREIRA DA SILVA
- JOÃO GABRIEL SOARES DE ARAÚJO
- LUCAS BRAGAGNOLO LIMA
- CAROLINE VITÓRIA FEITOZA E SILVA
- GARÊ TEIXEIRA MACÊDO JÚNIOR
- Cynthia Cardozo Dias Lima
- FRANCISCO ALVES LIMA JÚNIOR
- FRANCISCA JACINTA FEITOZA DE OLIVEIRA
- HAMILTON LEANDRO PINTO DE ANDRADE