AVANÇOS NO CONTROLE MICROBIANO COM O USO DE FUNGOS ENTOMOPATOGÊNICOS
AVANÇOS NO CONTROLE MICROBIANO COM O USO DE FUNGOS ENTOMOPATOGÊNICOS
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.6031225230514
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Palavras-chave: Biocontrole, Sustentabilidade, Inovação tecnológica.
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Keywords: Biocontrol, Sustainability, Technological innovation.
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Abstract: Entomopathogenic fungi are microorganisms that act as controllers of insect populations, with great potential for the biological management of pests in agriculture. Belonging to several phyla, such as Ascomycota and Entomophthoromycota, the genera Beauveria spp., Metarhizium spp., Isaria spp. and Lecanicillium spp. are the most studied, standing out for their versatility and ability to adapt to different environments. These fungi are influenced by factors such as pH, humidity, organic matter and agricultural practices, and can also act as endophytes, where they promote plant growth and resistance to diseases. Genomic research has contributed to the improvement of more efficient strains. The diversity of FEP's is greater in areas of native vegetation, being negatively affected by intensive agricultural practices. The PEF infection process involves the adhesion of spores to the insect's cuticle, penetration with the use of enzymes and specialized structures, proliferation inside the host and subsequent sporulation. This mechanism is what guarantees their effectiveness as bioinsecticides. The global biopesticide market, which includes FEP's, is expanding, driven by the demand for sustainable solutions. Companies have been investing in research and production, including the use of bioreactors and solid, liquid and biphasic fermentations, in addition, FEP's have industrial applications, such as enzyme production. Emerging technologies such as IoT, robotics, artificial intelligence and biomaterials are transforming the way these fungi are produced, monitored and applied. Smart traps, fungal sensors and 3D printed devices with fungi show new possibilities for precision agriculture. Laboratory automation and genetic engineering also accelerate the development of new, more effective strains. FEP's are promising for more sustainable agriculture, combining effectiveness in pest control with the reduction of environmental impacts. Its use depends on technological advancement, quality production, acceptance of farmers and public incentive policies. The integration between science, technology and sustainable agricultural practices is essential to consolidate the FEP's as important key tools in modern and future-present agriculture.
- Mateus Correia Lima
- Naiane Franciele Barreira de Melo
- Claudio Roberto Cutrim Carvalho
- Lizandra Maria Maciel Siqueira
- Nayarley Sabá Castelo Branco
- Thalia Maria de Sousa Dias Castro
- Ivy Laura Siqueira Saliba Machado
- Telma Fátima Vieira Batista