Avanços e Abordagens no Tratamento do Trauma Facial: Uma Revisão Narrativa
Avanços e Abordagens no Tratamento do Trauma Facial: Uma Revisão Narrativa
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.814112402107
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Palavras-chave: Trauma de Face; Reabilitação Pós-Traumática; Fraturas Maxilofaciais; Abordagem Multidisciplinar; Tecnologia 3D em Cirurgia Facial.
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Keywords: Facial Trauma; Post-Traumatic Rehabilitation; Maxillofacial Fractures; Multidisciplinary Approach; 3D Technology in Facial Surgery.
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Abstract: INTRODUCTION Facial trauma is a complex and prevalent condition, often associated with traffic accidents and urban violence. Due to the delicate and functionally significant anatomy of the face, injuries can have serious impacts, affecting breathing, chewing, and facial aesthetics. With advances in imaging diagnostics, such as computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, and the use of technologies such as 3D printing, diagnostic accuracy and surgical planning have evolved significantly, offering more effective approaches to minimize aesthetic and functional sequelae. OBJECTIVES The main objective of this work is to review the main diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for facial trauma, analyzing technological advances, rehabilitation methods, and the impact of facial injuries on functionality and aesthetics. METHODS This is a narrative review. The PubMed, sciELO and Medline databases were used, as well as the following descriptors: “Facial Trauma” OR “Facial Reconstructive Surgery” OR “Maxillofacial Injuries” OR “Craniofacial Fractures” OR “Post-Facial Trauma Rehabilitation” in recent years. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Facial injuries vary in prevalence and risk according to age group and context, with factors such as urban violence and contact sports representing significant risks. Advanced diagnostic techniques, such as CT and MRI, are essential for assessing the complexity of fractures. In treatment, osteosynthesis with titanium plates and the use of grafts for orbital and naso-orbital reconstructions offer superior structural and functional support. Physical rehabilitation and psychological support are crucial to restore patients' functionality and quality of life. The multidisciplinary approach, including technologies such as 3D printing, is highlighted for optimizing prognosis and reducing long-term complications. CONCLUSION The treatment of facial trauma requires an integrated approach that encompasses everything from prevention to rehabilitation, with a focus on the aesthetic and functional recovery of the patient. Technological advances, such as osteosynthesis and 3D printing, provide more accurate results, but there are still challenges in contexts with limited resources. Psychological support is essential for patients to adapt to physical and emotional changes, while functional rehabilitation maximizes the return to daily activities. Multidisciplinary collaboration and prevention policies are essential to reduce the incidence and improve outcomes for patients with facial trauma.
- Aliandro Willy Duarte Magalhães
- Diana Barth Amaral de Andrade
- Jaqueline Ferraz Rego
- Lucas Souza Presutto
- Eduarda Costa Guidon
- João Victor Raposo de Faria Rachide
- Letícia Beatriz Freire Quintino
- Vinícius Louza Garcia
- Álvaro Antônio Martins Silva
- Victória Elizabeth Baptista da Luz
- Arthur Vieira Cupolillo
- Benedicto Maw Baptista da Luz Neto
- Enzo Salles Fatuch
- Mariana Magro Reinato
- Ana Beatriz Poleto Ainbinder
- Mauricio Lopes da Silva Netto