AVALIAÇÃO DE RESÍDUOS DE PESTICIDAS NA CULTURA DO MORANGO (Fragaria x ananassa Duchesne): UMA COMPARAÇÃO ENTRE OS PROGRAMAS PARA E RAMA EM 2022
AVALIAÇÃO DE RESÍDUOS DE PESTICIDAS NA CULTURA DO MORANGO (Fragaria x ananassa Duchesne): UMA COMPARAÇÃO ENTRE OS PROGRAMAS PARA E RAMA EM 2022
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.019122528046
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Palavras-chave: Segurança de alimentos; monitoramento; pesticidas; rastreamento; carbendazim; morango.
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Keywords: Food safety; monitoring; pesticides; tracking; carbendazim; strawberry.
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Abstract: Strawberries (Fragaria × ananassa Duchesne) are produced on a large scale in Brazil, both for industrial use (Filho & Antunes, 2016) and for fresh consumption (Brazil, 2023). However, this crop is highly susceptible to the negative effects of phytopathogens, which makes the use of pesticides necessary for prevention. According to the Pesticide Residue Analysis Program (PARA), strawberries were among the main crops associated with the detection of unauthorized pesticide residues in 2022 (Brazil, 2023). In light of this issue, the potential health risks from consuming food containing pesticide residues are frequently discussed (Berlitz, 2020). The objective of this study was to evaluate the presence of pesticide residues in strawberries sold in Brazil, based on data from the Food Traceability and Monitoring Program (RAMA), coordinated by ABRAS, and from PARA, in the year 2022. Data from 84 PARA samples were analyzed, sourced from the Report on the Results of Monitored Sample Analyses for the 2018–2019 and 2022 cycles. These were organized into the columns: Residue, Regular, Irregular, and Total Detections. For RAMA, data from 36 samples were extracted from the SARA platform and filtered through the Panorama tool (PariPassu) using the filters: Crop, Collection Date, Residue, Regular, and Irregular. This allowed the identification of the most frequently detected residues, whether authorized or unauthorized, as well as pesticides common to both programs. Among the 214 active ingredients investigated, 48 were quantified in PARA and 45 in RAMA. Of the 120 samples analyzed, only 46 were considered satisfactory, representing 31% and 55% of the total samples from PARA and RAMA, respectively. The most frequently detected active ingredient in PARA was carbendazim, present in 61% of the samples. It was also found in 25% of the RAMA samples, despite its disuse being mandated in 2022, with a final phase-out deadline set for 2024. In RAMA, the most frequently detected active ingredients were difenoconazole (53%) and chlorfenapyr (36%), also observed in PARA at lower (46%) and higher (55%) levels, respectively. Unauthorized active ingredients for that cycle year, such as acetamiprid and imidacloprid, were detected in samples from both programs, appearing in up to 36% of those analyzed. The study revealed similar results between the programs in terms of detection and quantification of active ingredients in pesticides, highlighting the need for continuous monitoring and the importance of such programs for pesticide control, aiming to ensure food safety.
- Bianka de Oliveira Santana
- Larissa Souza
- Thaynara Romão
- Eduarda Souza