APLICAÇÃO DE INTERVENÇÕES BASEADAS NA PSICOLOGIA E PSIQUIATRIA POSITIVA E SEU PAPEL NA MELHORIA DA SAÚDE MENTAL E BEM-ESTAR EMOCIONAL DE UM GRUPO DE PACIENTES ATENDIDOS NA ATENÇÃO PRIMÁRIA DE SAÚDE
RESUMO
A Atenção Básica tem como um de seus princípios possibilitar o primeiro acesso das pessoas ao sistema de Saúde, inclusive daquelas que demandam um cuidado em saúde mental. Neste ponto de atenção, as ações são desenvolvidas em um território geograficamente conhecido, possibilitando aos profissionais de Saúde uma proximidade para conhecer a história de vida das pessoas e de seus vínculos com a comunidade/território onde moram, bem como com outros elementos dos seus contextos de vida. Podemos dizer que o cuidado em saúde mental na Atenção Básica é bastante estratégico pela facilidade de acesso das equipes aos usuários e vice-versa. Por estas características, é comum que os profissionais de Saúde se encontrem a todo o momento com pacientes em situação de sofrimento psíquico (BRASIL,2013). Cerca de uma em cada quatro pessoas que procuram a AB tem algum transtorno mental segundo a CID-10. Outros estudos mostram que se incluirmos também aqueles que têm um sofrimento mental pouco abaixo do limiar diagnóstico (os chamados casos subclínicos) a proporção chega a uma pessoa em sofrimento a cada duas pessoas que procuram a AB (GOLDBERG, 1995; BUSNELLO, 1983; MARI, 1987; FORTES, 2008). A psiquiatria tradicional tem se concentrado principalmente em elucidar as causas das doenças mentais e tratá-las através de fármacos eficazes. No entanto, o uso de medicações tem sido insuficiente para promover o bem estar humano. Com isso objetivou-se elaborar um plano de intervenção baseado na Psicologia e Psiquiatria Positiva destinado a melhorar o bem-estar comportamental e mental dos pacientes com diagnóstico para a transtornos depressivos (F32, F33, F34.1 – CID) na população adscrita na UBS Nazaré, em Balsas, Maranhão. As pesquisas mostram que níveis mais altos de características psicossociais positivas, como resiliência, otimismo e engajamento social, estão associados a melhores resultados de saúde medidos objetivamente, incluindo maior longevidade e bem-estar subjetivo. Ao finalizar o estudo espera-se obter melhorias significativas na saúde mental e bem-estar emocional dos pacientes participantes, alcançados através de uma intervenção que a incorpora uma série de estratégias e exercícios derivados das disciplinas de Medicina do estilo de vida e Psicologia/ Psiquiatria Positiva.
APLICAÇÃO DE INTERVENÇÕES BASEADAS NA PSICOLOGIA E PSIQUIATRIA POSITIVA E SEU PAPEL NA MELHORIA DA SAÚDE MENTAL E BEM-ESTAR EMOCIONAL DE UM GRUPO DE PACIENTES ATENDIDOS NA ATENÇÃO PRIMÁRIA DE SAÚDE
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DOI: 10.22533/at.ed.7402219085
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Palavras-chave: Saúde Mental, Prevenção Primária, Fatores de Risco e Educação em Saúde
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Keywords: Mental Health; Risk factors; Primary Prevention; Health education
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Abstract:
ABSTRACT
One of Primary Health Care principles is to enable people the first contact to the health system, including those who require mental health care. On this point of matter, the actions are developed in a geographically known territory, allowing health professionals to have closeness with people life history, their bonds with the territory where they live, as well as with other elements of their contexts. of life. We can say that Mental Health Care in Primary Health Care is quite strategic due to the easy access by Family Health Teams to the users and vice versa. Due to these characteristics, it is common for health care professionals to meet patients in psychological distress at times (BRASIL, 2013). About one in four people who seek PHC (Primary Health Care) has a mental disorder according to the ICD-10. Other studies show that if we also include those who have mental suffering just below the diagnostic threshold (the so-called subclinical cases), the proportion reaches one person in suffering for every two people who seek PHC (GOLDBERG, 1995; BUSNELLO, 1983; MARI). , 1987; FORTES, 2008). Traditional psychiatry is mainly focused on elucidating the causes of mental illnesses and treating them with effective drugs. However, the use of medications has been insufficient to promote human well-being. From this, the objective was to develop an intervention plan based on Positive Psychology and Psychiatry aimed at improving the behavioral and mental well-being of patients diagnosed with Anxiety and Depression in a population enrolled at UBS Nazaré, in Balsas, Maranhão. Researchs have shown that higher levels of positive psychosocial traits such as resilience, optimism and social engagement are associated with better objectively measured health outcomes, including greater longevity and subjective well-being. At the end of the study, it's expected to obtain significant improvements in the mental health and emotional well-being of the participating patients, achieved tby an intervention that incorporates a series of strategies and exercises from the disciplines of Lifestyle Medicine and Psychology/Positive Psychiatry.One of Primary Health Care principles is to enable people to first contact to the health system, including those who require mental health care. At this point of matter, the actions are developed in a geographically known territory, allowing health professionals to have closeness with the life history of people, their bonds with the community/territory where they live, as well as with other elements of their contexts. of life. We can say that Mental Health Care in Primary Health Care is quite strategic due to the easy access by Family Health Teams to the users and vice versa. Due to these characteristics, it is common for health care professionals to meet patients in psychological distress at times (BRASIL, 2013). About one in four people who seek PHC (Primary Health Care) has a mental disorder according to the ICD-10. Other studies show that if we also include those who have mental suffering just below the diagnostic threshold (the so-called subclinical cases), the proportion reaches one person in suffering for every two people who seek PHC (GOLDBERG, 1995; BUSNELLO, 1983; MARI). , 1987; FORTES, 2008). Traditional psychiatry is mainly focused on elucidating the causes of mental illnesses and treating them with effective drugs. However, the use of medications has been insufficient to promote human well-being. From this, the objective was to develop an intervention plan based on Positive Psychology and Psychiatry aimed at improving the behavioral and mental well-being of patients diagnosed with Anxiety and Depression in a population enrolled at UBS Nazaré, in Balsas, Maranhão. Researchs have shown that higher levels of positive psychosocial traits such as resilience, optimism and social engagement are associated with better objectively measured health outcomes, including greater longevity and subjective well-being. At the end of the study, it's expected to obtain significant improvements in the mental health and emotional well-being of the participating patients, achieved tby an intervention that incorporates a series of strategies and exercises from the disciplines of Lifestyle Medicine and Psychology/Positive Psychiatry.
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Número de páginas: 20
- Victória Alicia Santos Sampaio
- Izadora Farias Pereira
- Thalita Helena Reis Sá
- Beatriz Aparecida Gomes Lindos
- Nathalia Farias Pereira
