APLASIA CÚTIS CONGÊNITA NO COURO CABELUDO: UMA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
APLASIA CÚTIS CONGÊNITA NO COURO CABELUDO: UMA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
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DOI: 10.22533/at.ed.0992309117
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Palavras-chave: Displasias Dérmicas Faciais Focais; Recém-nascido; Couro cabeludo.
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Keywords: Focal Facial Dermal Dysplasias; Newborn; Scalp.
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Abstract: Introduction: Congenital Aplasia Cutis (CAC) is a rare cutaneous anomaly, with an estimated incidence of 0.5-1 cases per 10,000 births. This condition is characterized by focal absence of cutaneous tissue, presenting in various forms, from superficial lesions to those affecting deeper structures such as muscle and dura mater. The prognosis is generally favorable, but extensive lesions can lead to serious complications like meningitis and hemorrhages. Objective: This article aims to discuss the etiology, diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of Congenital Aplasia Cutis. Methodology: An integrative literature review was conducted using the PubMed, Google Scholar, and Lilacs databases, using the following keywords: "Focal Facial Dermal Dysplasias" "Newborn" and "Scalp". A total of 19 articles were selected, including clinical studies, literature reviews, and case reports. Results: The etiology of CAC is related to the disruption in the development of skin layers, involving the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous fat, and/or intrauterine destruction of the skin. The diagnosis is clinical, based on the presence of skin ulcerations and erosions that may resemble atrophic scars from birth. Lesions can affect various areas, including the scalp, parietal region, retroauricular area, neck, trunk, and upper or lower extremities. Treatment varies according to the severity of the lesions. In mild cases, conservative care such as dressing changes and local hygiene is sufficient. More severe lesions may require surgical removal, followed by skin reconstruction using grafts, and in some cases, cranioplasty. Conclusion: Congenital Aplasia Cutis is a rare condition that primarily affects the scalp and can also involve part of the cranial vault, increasing the risk of complications and mortality. Due to the rarity of the condition and limited published studies, standardization of the management and correct treatment of CAC patients is still necessary.
- Cintia Horta Rezende
- Camila Rezende Goulart
- Bruna Franco de Mata
- Carolina Ker Soares Carvalho
- Lara Pinto Moreira
- Larissa Jardim Melo
- Márcia Cristina da Silva