ANÁLISE DE MARCADORES BIOQUÍMICOS DO LÍQUIDO SINOVIAL EM PACIENTES COM DTM ARTICULAR

• DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.931132501087

• Palavras-chave: Bioquímica. Líquido Sinovial. Articulação Temporomandibular. Síndrome da Disfunção da Articulação Temporomandibular

• Keywords: Biochemistry. Synovial Fluid. Temporomandibular Joint. Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction Syndrome

• Abstract: Introduction: Temporomandibular joint disorders (TMDs) represent a set of alterations that affect the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), which can compromise masticatory function and cause chronic pain. Synovial fluid, present in the joint cavity, plays an essential role in joint lubrication and nutrition, and is a promising medium for investigating biochemical markers associated with inflammation and joint degeneration. Objective: This study aimed to analyze the levels of inflammatory and degenerative biochemical markers in the synovial fluid of patients with articular TMD, aiming to understand the pathological processes involved and contribute to the differential diagnosis and therapeutic strategies. Methodology: Review based on articles from PubMed, LILACS, and BVS databases. Studies within the topic, available in full and free of charge, in Portuguese, English, and Spanish were included. Duplicates and out-of-scope studies were excluded. Results: Patients with TMD had significantly elevated levels of IL-6 and TNF-α compared to the control group, indicating an active inflammatory process. Furthermore, a significant increase in MMP-3 was observed, suggesting degradation of the joint extracellular matrix. The correlation between the markers was positive, reinforcing the hypothesis of an interaction between inflammatory and degenerative processes. Conclusion: Analysis of biochemical markers in synovial fluid revealed significant changes in patients with joint TMD, highlighting the role of inflammation and tissue degradation in the pathophysiology of the disease. These findings may aid in the identification of biomarkers for early diagnosis and the development of targeted therapies, promoting advances in the clinical management of TMDs.