ANÁLISE CLÍNICO-LABORATORIAL DOS EFEITOS ADVERSOS CARDÍACOS, HEPÁTICOS E RENAIS PELO USO IRRACIONAL DE ESTEROIDES ANABOLIZANTES

• DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.679122520064

• Palavras-chave: esteroides anabolizantes androgênicos; cardiotoxicidade; hepatotoxicidade; nefrotoxicidade; biomarcadores clínicos; uso irracional; reações adversas a medicamentos.

• Keywords: anabolic-androgenic steroids; cardiotoxicity; hepatotoxicity; nephrotoxicity; clinical biomarkers; irrational use; adverse drug reactions.

• Abstract: This chapter examines the systemic impacts of anabolic-androgenic steroid (AAS) abuse based on a systematic review of the literature (9 articles, n = 827 individuals). The results demonstrate that 46.7% of the studies reported cardiac effects (left ventricular hypertrophy, acute myocardial infarction, and Takotsubo syndrome), 33.3% renal complications (renal failure, nephrocalcinosis), and 20% hepatotoxicity (structural damage, peliosis hepatis). The pathophysiological mechanisms involve activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (cardiotoxicity), oxidative stress (nephrotoxicity), and hepatic metabolism of 17-α-alkylated compounds (hepatotoxicity). Biomarkers such as ultra-sensitive troponin, altered lipid profile (high LDL, low HDL), elevated creatinine and liver enzymes (ALT/AST) are key indicators of organ damage. The predominant profile of users is young men (25 years old on average), with easy access to AAS without prescription (50% via the internet). It is concluded that adverse effects, although partially reversible with discontinuation, can evolve into irreversible conditions or sudden death, requiring health education strategies, regulation and professional monitoring.