ANÁLISE ABRANGENTE DOS ENIGMAS DA NEUROLOGIA: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA

• DOI: 10.22533/at.ed.2522402012

• Palavras-chave: Neurologia, Neurociências, Sistema Nervoso, Memória e Cognição

• Keywords: Neurology, Neurosciences, Nervous System, Memory and Cognition

• Abstract: The nervous system, specifically the brain, is one of the most complex organs in the human body and has been the subject of study and fascination for centuries. Understanding how the brain works is essential to unlocking the secrets of cognition, memory, language and consciousness. In this study, we explore recent advances in neuroscience, examining the findings presented in a selection of notable references. The aim is to provide a comprehensive overview of the current state of knowledge about the brain. Our integrative review involved the critical analysis of ten references related to neurology and brain function. The chosen references address a variety of topics, including memory, cognition, brain architecture, cellular diversity in the neocortex, functional electrocorticography and multimodal integration in parietal areas. To achieve an in-depth understanding, we evaluated the information contained in these scientific articles and academic texts according to their relevant content. The results highlight notable advances in neuroscience. Kandel et al. (2014) provide detailed information on the molecular aspects and systems related to memory, highlighting the complexity of the signaling pathways involved. Swanson et al. (2020) describes the fundamental organization of the brain and its essential structures, providing critical insights into its architecture. Arlotta et al. (2019) explore cellular diversity in the human neocortex, revealing the complexity of the neural networks underlying cognition. Gazzaniga et al. (2018) present a more practical view of neurology by using functional electrocorticography to map cortical areas critical for language. Herculano-Houzel et al. (2016) highlight the uniqueness of the human brain and its remarkable evolution. Smith et al. (2020) examine multimodal integration in parietal areas, revealing how the brain processes self-referential information. Neuroscience has contributed substantially to our understanding of how the human brain works, but many enigmas still remain. This integrative review article demonstrates that the study of the nervous system is a constant quest for knowledge, where each advance generates new challenges and questions to be answered. Multidisciplinary collaboration and international research are key to unlocking the brain's deepest secrets. This work highlights the continued importance of investigating the brain and its function, as it is a central organ in understanding who we are and how we experience the world. By addressing diverse aspects of neurology, the selected references provide valuable insights and stimulate future research in a field that continues to dazzle and intrigue scientists and scholars around the world.