ABORDAGEM INTEGRADA DO CÂNCER COLORRETAL: DESAFIOS E PERSPECTIVAS EPIDEMIOLÓGICAS, MOLECULARES E TERAPÊUTICAS
ABORDAGEM INTEGRADA DO CÂNCER COLORRETAL: DESAFIOS E PERSPECTIVAS EPIDEMIOLÓGICAS, MOLECULARES E TERAPÊUTICAS
DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.767142518037
Palavras-chave: Câncer Colorretal, Marcadores moleculares, KRAS, BRAF
Keywords: Colorectal Cancer, Molecular markers, KRAS, BRAF.
Abstract: Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. According to INCA, in Rio Grande do Sul, between 2023 and 2025, it is estimated that 52,620 new cases will occur annually, with the most common types being: non-melanoma skin, breast, prostate, colon, rectum, mobility and stomach. Among them, colorectal cancer (CRC) stands out for its high prevalence. Thus, this study aims to discuss CRC, addressing epidemiological aspects, diagnostic methods, therapeutic approaches and the main genetic mutations involved, contributing to a better understanding of the disease and assisting in the personalization of treatments. CRC is one of the most common neoplasms in the world, with environmental, hereditary and behavioral risk factors. Advances in medicine allow for more accurate diagnoses and personalized treatments, which include surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy, adapted to the stage of the disease and the patient's profile. Pharmacogenomics stands out in this context, allowing the identification of biomarkers, such as mutations in the KRAS and BRAF genes, which directly influence therapeutic options. Molecular analysis of patients optimizes treatment protocols, enabling more effective use of medications, such as EGFR inhibitors (cetuximab and panitumumab). This approach reduces adverse effects and improves the chances of a positive response, making treatment more effective.
- Ketlin Luiza Strada
- Roberta Cattaneo
- Edilson Walter
- Christiane de Fátima Colet