A QUESTÃO AMBIENTAL E A SUSTENTABILIDADE AMAZÔNICA: A RDS MAMIRAUÁ

• DOI: 10.22533/at.ed.285191001

• Palavras-chave: 1. Desenvolvimento sustentável – Amazônia. 2. Meio ambiente – Amazônia. 3. Sustentabilidade – Amazônia.

• Keywords: Sustainability; Ecodevelopment; Mamirauá Sustainable Development Reserve of Mamirauá; Forest Stock.

• Abstract:

   In last few years it has been

  observed a significant society concern about the

  environment preservation which concentrates

  animal and plant species with great relevance 

  A Questão Ambiental e a Sustentabilidade Amazônica: A RDS Mamirauá 8

  for the mankind. This concern is based on

  economic paradox growth vs. environmental

  preservation, emphasizing the peculiarities

  found within rich flora and fauna preservationists

  spaces and with native residents presence.

  This is the case of the Mamirauá Sustainable

  Development Reserve (MSDR), that fits in the

  category of Sustainable Use by allowing rational

  use of the resources and economic activities

  with low environmental impact. The MSDR

  conceived originally as preservationist space

  is now considered a reference in conservation

  and sustainability in Amazonas State and which

  radiates its participatory management for the

  other areas in the most different federation

  states. Its pioneering is responsible for framing

  as a sustainable development reserve in the

  Preservations Units National System, submit the

  first management plan and implement it, reshape

  it in the second version, take the first residents

  enrolled in the program giving handouts from

  the Government of the Amazonas State called

  Bolsa Floresta. This research aimed to evaluate

  the Forest Grant program and its actions in

  Mamirauá Reservation; to assess the current

  environmental legislation and check if this has

  changed the perception of the inhabitants of

  MSDR in relation to environmental preservation;

  analyze the relevance of Mamirauá RDS for the

  establishment of environmental sustainability

  state; evaluate if the pioneering measures

  in force from the Law of Environmental

  Sustainability favored the population that lives

  on the forest. To obtain the data we used:

  bibliographic, documentary and field research

  with the realization of two visits to RDS Mamirauá

  between days January 22-30, 2011 and between

  July 27-31, 2011 by scrolling through the main

  communities that inhabit the limits of Sustainable

  Development Reserve of Mamirauá - MSDR

  photographing and participating in meetings

  with the community. In the opportunity, was held

  50 interviews with the community to be have the

  perception of these in relation to Forest Grant

  Program. The interviewees indicated that the

  products intended for nutrition, hygiene and

  cleaning and clothing are from neighboring

  municipalities by waterway and need of

  health services, education, sanitation and

  housing as main demands. The revenue of the

  families have as origin the management of fish

  resources of the Forest Grant program, crafts,

  cultivation of vegetables and other revenues,

  and the resources of Forest Grant program

  complementary source of income of families in

  food acquisition, transport services, acquisition

  of goods and services, clothing and health

  services. For the interviewees state law provided

  improvements in terms of conservation and

  environmental awareness among the residents

  of the reservation and the actions of agents

  involved contribute to secure sustainability

  actions. Although the Forest Grant Program has

  been evaluated positively by the interviewees

  is expected to increase the monetary value of

  the benefit, the inclusion of more benefit and the

  diversification of the number of investments and

  projects with the participation of communities.

• Número de páginas: 107