A ENERGIA NUCLEAR NO CONTEXTO DA MATRIZ ENERGÉTICA BRASILEIRA
A ENERGIA NUCLEAR NO CONTEXTO DA MATRIZ ENERGÉTICA BRASILEIRA
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.7632427127
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Palavras-chave: Energia Nuclear; Matriz Energética Brasileira; Sustentabilidade Energética; Fontes Renováveis; Diversificação Energética
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Keywords: Nuclear Energy; Brazilian Energy Matrix; Energy Sustainability; Renewable Sources; Energy Diversification
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Abstract: The need to diversify Brazil’s energy matrix to reduce environmental impacts and enhance supply security has encouraged interest in alternative sources such as nuclear energy. This study compares nuclear energy with other predominant sources in Brazil — hydroelectric, wind, solar, natural gas, and coal — to evaluate their benefits and limitations in the national context. Four main criteria were analyzed: generation capacity, efficiency (capacity factor), safety, and average production cost. Nuclear energy stands out for its high capacity factor, around 91%, which surpasses that of solar and wind sources, allowing stable and continuous generation. Additionally, its low CO₂ emissions make it a strategic option to mitigate climate change and achieve the country’s decarbonization targets. In terms of safety, the mortality rate associated with nuclear energy is considerably lower compared to fossil sources, contrasting with public perception of its risks. Despite high initial investment, nuclear energy demonstrates economic feasibility with competitive operational costs over the long term. Although nuclear waste management requires strict policies, technological advances enable safe and efficient handling. It is concluded that nuclear energy has a strategic role in diversifying and stabilizing Brazil’s energy matrix, complementing renewable sources and reducing dependence on fossil fuels. Investment in technology and public awareness is recommended to maximize this source’s potential in the national energy sector.
- thiago daboit roberto
- Thiago Corrêa Almeida
- Maximiano Correia Martins
- André Pereira de Almeida
- Gustavo da Rosa Nogueira