Over the past decade, food packaging technologies have undergone a paradigm shift, driven by the integration of nanotechnology, artificial intelligence (AI), and sustainability principles. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of recent advancements (2015–2025) in active and intelligent food packaging systems, highlighting their multifunctionality, environmental impact, and potential for real-time monitoring of food quality. Nanomaterials, such as graphene oxide, cellulose nanocrystals, nanoclays, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), and zinc oxide (ZnO), have enabled packaging with improved barrier properties, antimicrobial activity, and UV protection. Concurrently, AI has emerged as a key enabler of intelligent functionalities, supporting spoilage detection, autonomous release of active compounds, and cold-chain traceability using RFID, NFC, and biosensors. Bio-based and biodegradable films from renewable sources—including beetroot waste, starch, polylactic acid (PLA), and nanocellulose—address the growing demand for sustainable solutions. However, trade-offs exist in terms of mechanical performance, scalability, and regulatory compliance. Bibliometric analysis reveals increasing interdisciplinary collaboration, with a rise in publications focusing on hybrid systems that integrate AI and nanotechnology in smart packaging applications. Despite technological progress, challenges persist regarding nanotoxicity, a lack of standardized protocols for AI validation, and limited global harmonization in regulatory frameworks. The review concludes by emphasizing the need for collaborative, cross-sector approaches to accelerate the adoption of intelligent and eco-friendly packaging systems. These innovations are poised to transform food safety, reduce environmental impact, and enhance consumer trust through smarter, safer, and more sustainable packaging practices.