VITAMIN D: AN ALLY IN THE MODULATION OF AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES OF THE THYROID GLAND

• DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.1595125030111

• Palavras-chave: Autoimmunity; Calcitriol; Autoimmune Diseases; Thyroid Gland Diseases; Immunomodulation.

• Keywords: Autoimmunity; Calcitriol; Autoimmune Diseases; Thyroid Gland Diseases; Immunomodulation.

• Abstract:

  Introduction: Autoimmune thyroid diseases result from an immune imbalance in which the body attacks the cells of the thyroid gland itself, causing chronic inflammation and functional impairment. Evidence suggests a relationship between the incidence of these diseases and low serum levels of vitamin D, an immunoregulatory metabolite with the potential to act in the prevention and treatment of these conditions. Objective: To analyze the effects of vitamin D on the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases of the thyroid gland. Methodology: A bibliographic search was carried out on the PubMed and Virtual Health Library platforms and, after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 9 articles were selected to support this study. Results: The data obtained show an association between low levels of vitamin D and a higher incidence of thyroid autoimmune diseases, highlighting the role of this vitamin in modulating the immune system and its relationship with the pathophysiology of these autoimmune conditions. Final considerations: The review associated hypovitaminosis D with an increased susceptibility to autoimmune thyroid pathologies, however, it concludes that more studies and tests are needed to validate the effectiveness of therapeutic interventions based on vitamin D replacement, as well as to elucidate the mechanisms involved in this association.