Utilização de riqueza e distribuição de aves campestres e de banhado com nidificação rasteira para indicação de áreas para conservação no bioma Pampa
Utilização de riqueza e distribuição de aves campestres e de banhado com nidificação rasteira para indicação de áreas para conservação no bioma Pampa
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.8208112612011
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Palavras-chave: Pampa, presença-ausência, proteção da avifauna, conservação, arenização.
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Keywords: Pampa, presence-absence, birdlife protection, conservation, sandification.
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Abstract: The formation of nests by grassland and wetland birds with nesting close to the ground becomes characteristic of the low-lying vegetation and low canopies present in the Pampa biome. However, the increasing rate of degradation and desertification in the biome compromises the areas where these species occur, making the development of regions for the protection of already threatened birds critical. This study presents the geographical association between the dispersal of grassland birds and the diversity present in each municipality to aid in defining priority areas for conservation, including the representativeness of these locations within the system of protected areas in the biome. To this end, data on sightings of birds with low-lying nesting were collected, allowing correlation of the size of the distribution range of each species with the average diversity within the geographical area. Through presence-absence analysis, encompassing 132 bird species analyzed across 170 municipalities within the Pampa biome, the rate of generalist and restrictive species is concentrated in municipalities with greater species diversity, comprising above 25% and 75% respectively of normalized richness, where restrictive and threatened birds do not show concentration in regions of low diversity. In comparison, the areas conceptualized as "common-rich" and "rare-rich" differed and reflected biogeographical boundaries within the biome, indicating a relative separation between the dispersal of more restrictive birds compared to those with wide distribution. However, only 26 municipalities within the biome were recognized as priorities for conservation because they jointly present high diversity and the presence of restrictive and threatened bird species, showing little overlap with existing Conservation Units. The study highlights the need to expand protected areas and restore native vegetation for the conservation of already threatened avifauna, emphasizing the importance of deepening research on species conservation and reducing threats to biodiversity at the local and regional levels.
- júlia Rafaela Anton