TROMBOEMBOLISMO PULMONAR EM CIRURGIAS ORTOPÉDICAS: UMA REVISÃO BIBLIOGRÁFICA
TROMBOEMBOLISMO PULMONAR EM CIRURGIAS ORTOPÉDICAS: UMA REVISÃO BIBLIOGRÁFICA
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.82081925231015
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Palavras-chave: Cirurgia, Ortopedia e Profilaxia.
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Keywords: Surgery and Orthopedic and Prophylaxis.
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Abstract: Pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) is a serious postoperative complication in orthopedic surgeries, with an incidence of 1-2 cases/1000 inhabitants/year and a mortality rate of 9.7% in 30 days. This literature review analyzed prevention strategies, highlighting the Caprini score as a risk stratification tool, associated with complementary exams for greater diagnostic accuracy. Twenty-six studies from the PubMed and SciELO databases (2015-2025) were included, using the descriptors "Surgery/Orthopedic/Prophylaxis" and "Surgery/Orthopedics/Prophylaxis", selected by methodological quality criteria. The results demonstrated that the combination of the Caprini score with diagnostic methods (Doppler ultrasonography, CT angiography and D-dimer) reduces the incidence of PTE by 60%, especially in hip/knee arthroplasties. The discussion highlighted that patients with a Caprini score >9 have a 3.5-fold increased risk of thromboembolic events, but the interpretation of D-dimer requires caution due to false positives (specificity 35-39%). It is concluded that individualized protocols, associating validated risk scores and complementary exams, represent a costeffective strategy for preventing PTE, reducing both morbidity and mortality and hospital costs.
- Victor Datrino Barbosa
- Andre Heringer Raposo