AORTIC VALVE REPLACEMENT AND ASSCENDING AORTIC ANGIOPLASTY – CASE REPORT

• DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.1594502405061

• Palavras-chave: Systolic murmur; Heart disease; Aortic ectasia.

• Keywords: Systolic murmur; Heart disease; Aortic ectasia.

• Abstract:

  INTRODUCTION: Aortic stenosis (AS) is a serious cardiovascular condition characterized by narrowing of the aortic valve, resulting in an obstruction to blood flow from the left ventricle to the aorta. This can lead to symptoms such as angina, syncope and dyspnea, especially during physical exertion. The treatment of severe AS generally involves aortic valve replacement, a surgical intervention that replaces the diseased aortic valve with a valve prosthesis, with the choice between biological or mechanical prosthesis depending on several factors. DESIGN AND METHODS: This case report details the diagnosis, treatment and evolution of a 56-year-old male patient with severe aortic stenosis. Data collection involved a comprehensive review of medical records, laboratory tests, and imaging. Furthermore, a bibliographical review was carried out to support the case with current and relevant information about aortic stenosis and its therapeutic interventions. CASE REPORT: The patient initially presented with complaints of myalgia and chronic fatigue, along with a systolic murmur during physical examination. Examinations revealed severe aortic stenosis, left ventricular diastolic dysfunction and aortic ectasia. He underwent aortic valve replacement surgery with a number 23 metal prosthesis and ascending aorta plasty. Postoperative follow-up included drug treatment and monitoring of INR levels to adjust anticoagulation. 
  DISCUSSION: Aortic stenosis can have several causes, including senile calcification, rheumatic fever, and congenital malformations. Your symptoms may vary depending on the severity of the valve obstruction. Treatment involves aortic valve replacement, which can be performed by conventional surgery or minimally invasive procedures, such as transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). CONCLUSION: This case illustrates the importance of a multidisciplinary approach in the management of severe aortic stenosis, highlighting the effectiveness of surgical interventions to improve the patient's symptoms and cardiac function. Long-term follow-up is essential to ensure satisfactory clinical results and the patient's quality of life.