Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Emerging

• DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.1595232528055

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• Abstract:

  Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a chronic and debilitating condition, characterized by obsessions and compulsions that significantly compromise the quality of life of individuals. Despite the effectiveness of conventional treatments, such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), a substantial proportion of patients show an unsatisfactory response, constituting cases of resistant OCD. This scenario has led to a search for emerging therapeutic approaches. This literature review analyzed recent publications on new pharmacological strategies, such as the use of glutamatergic modulators (N-acetylcysteine, memantine, riluzole), anti-inflammatories and drugs with new neurobiological mechanisms, as well as neuromodulation techniques and combination therapies. In the psychotherapeutic field, advances in CBT stand out, especially with a focus on inhibitory learning as the central mechanism of exposure with response prevention (EPR). The integration of innovative treatments and therapeutic personalization represent a promising advance in the management of refractory OCD, expanding the possibilities of clinical and functional response in patients.