TRANSPARENCY IN THE EXTRACTIVE INDUSTRY IN MOZAMBIQUE

• DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.515722530099

• Palavras-chave: transparency, extractive industry, governance, natural resources, Mozambique.

• Keywords: transparency, extractive industry, governance, natural resources, Mozambique.

• Abstract:

  Transparency in the extractive industry is one of the essential pillars for good governance of natural resources, especially in countries such as Mozambique, which are marked by mineral abundance and high levels of information asymmetry. This article critically analyzes the degree of transparency in the Mozambican mining sector, focusing on the province of Tete, between 2020 and 2024. The research focuses on four analytical axes: adherence to the Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative, availability of information, financial transparency, and disclosure of the beneficial owners of companies. A qualitative approach was adopted, based on documentary analysis of official reports, legislation, and institutional publications. The results reveal that, although Mozambique has formally adhered to the EITI, the transparency mechanisms implemented remain limited, with little public disclosure, barriers to access to information, a lack of independent financial audits, and no functional register of companies' beneficial owners. It concludes that challenges to transparency weaken the state's ability to collect revenue fairly, undermine public trust, and hinder the exercise of social control. The study recommends institutional and legal strengthening of disclosure mechanisms, as well as the promotion of a culture of transparency that is active and responsive to society's demands.