THERAPEUTIC APPROACHES FOR ATOPIC DERMATITIS WITH JAK INHIBITORS

• DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.1595172511049

• Palavras-chave: Atopic Dermatitis, JAK inhibitors, Dermatology.

• Keywords: Atopic Dermatitis, JAK inhibitors, Dermatology.

• Abstract:

  Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of JAK inhibitors in the treatment of atopic dermatitis, analyzing their clinical effects, impact on quality of life and associated risks. Methodology: Literature review in the PubMed - MEDLINE database according to the following search strategy: ("Atopic Dermatitis") AND (("Janus Kinase Inhibitors") OR (JAK)) from 2020 to 2025. Discussion: Atopic dermatitis consists of eczematous lesions, pruritus and barrier dysfunction, generating multiple physical and emotional compromises for patients who suffer from it. Among the current therapeutic alternatives, JAK inhibitors have emerged as an effective treatment, available in topical and oral presentations, although further studies are needed to differentiate between the two. Promising in relation to methotrexate and corticosteroids, JAK inhibitors regulate the transmission of inflammatory signals, whose action triggers the expression of mediators amplifying inflammation, inhibiting the transduction of signals from the cell surface to the nucleus, where gene transcription is regulated. Despite the different pharmacological profiles of this class, Abrocitinib is the most studied for moderate to severe atopic dermatitis. Among the side effects described are laboratory alterations, risk of inducing malignancy, induction and/or worsening of acne and herpes zoster, among others, while methotrexate and corticosteroids have dependence and epithelial atrophy as their main side effects. Final considerations: Although widely studied in many areas of activity, the use of JAK inhibitors shows promise in relation to the treatment of moderate to severe AD, however further studies are needed, especially in relation to long-term treatment safety, tolerability and side effects.