SÍNDROME METABÓLICA COMO FATOR DE RISCO PARA CÂNCER DE TIREOIDE: UMA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
SÍNDROME METABÓLICA COMO FATOR DE RISCO PARA CÂNCER DE TIREOIDE: UMA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.82081725081012
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Palavras-chave: Câncer; Tireoide; Resistência à insulina
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Keywords: Cancer; Thyroid; Insulin resistance.
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Abstract: In recent years, the incidence of thyroid cancer (TC) has increased, and metabolic syndrome (MS) and its mechanisms, such as insulin resistance (IR), are identified as important risk factors. Alterations such as hyperinsulinemia, adipokine dysregulation, and chronic inflammation intensify the activation of cell proliferation pathways, such as PL3K/Akt/mTOR, which are directly related to tumorigenesis. This review sought to synthesize evidence linking MS to TC, emphasizing the main pathophysiological mechanisms, risk biomarkers, and possible prevention and intervention strategies based on 18 selected articles. The results confirm a relationship between MS and TC. In this context, IR biomarkers, such as the TyG index and METS-IR score, are important. Among the main central pathophysiological mechanisms that promote cell proliferation are adipokine imbalance, hyperinsulinemia with activation of the insulin/IGF axis, and a chronic inflammatory state. Thus, early management and identification of MS can contribute to reducing the incidence and improving the prognosis of TC. The need for future research is highlighted to establish a definitive cause-and-effect relationship, a greater understanding of the molecular mechanisms, and the efficacy of therapies, such as metformin and modulation of the gut microbiota. In summary, metabolic syndrome is highlighted as a modifiable and crucial risk factor in the development of thyroid cancer, intensifying the importance of a comprehensive approach that combines disease screening with the control of metabolic disorders for treatment and prevention.
- Rafael Brandão Pinheiro
- Laura De Rose
- Gustavo Alvarez da Cruz
- Gabriel Teixeira Guimarâes da Fonseca
- Ramon Fraga de Souza Lima.