Syncope: a narrative review of the scores and their applicability in the emergency room

• DOI: 10.22533/at.ed.15937723290910

• Palavras-chave: Syncope; Prognosis; Emergency Identification.

• Keywords: Syncope; Prognosis; Emergency Identification.

• Abstract:

  Goal: To explain the clinical scores related to syncope and their applicability in the management of this syndrome. Methods: Narrative review of the literature based on 32 articles that ranged between 2019 and 2023. Results: Syncope, in most cases, has an underlying benign etiology. However, 20% of patients who consult emergency services present manifestations of concomitant potentially fatal disease, generally of cardiovascular origin. Scales that can be used to assess short-term outcomes include the São Francisco scale, for predicting death and serious events within 7 days; the Boston Scale, ROSE and the Canadian Syncope Risk Score, which seek to predict serious events within a month. The EGSYS and OESIL scales, in turn, are used for long-term assessment, the first to predict serious outcomes within one year and the second within two years. Conclusion: It was evident that the Canadian Syncope Risk Score represents the score with the best performance and greatest applicability in the clinical context. However, this score still has significant limitations - low specificity, for example -, making additional studies essential.