Right Superior Vena Cava Agenesis and Persistent Left Superior Vena Cava: Literature Review and Case Report
Right Superior Vena Cava Agenesis and Persistent Left Superior Vena Cava: Literature Review and Case Report
-
DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.1594192409021
-
Palavras-chave: Agenesia, Veia Cava Superior, Veia Cava Superior Esquerda Persistente
-
Keywords: Agenesis, Superior Vena Cava, Persistent Left Superior Vena Cava
-
Abstract: Right superior vena cava (RSVC) agenesis and persistent left superior vena cava (PLSVC) are uncommon anomalies arising from faulty embryonic development. This review discusses epidemiology, clinical presentations, diagnostic methods, treatment options, follow-up strategies, and emerging perspectives. RSVC agenesis stems from an underdeveloped right anterior cardinal vein, while PLSVC signifies the persistence of the left counterpart, creating an additional drainage pathway to the right atrium. Their clinical spectrum ranges from asymptomatic discoveries to potential complications like arrhythmias, thrombosis, or catheter-related issues. Diagnosis relies on imaging tools like echocardiography, CT, MRI, or venography. Treatment choices, influenced by individual presentations and complications, include conservative management, anticoagulation, and surgical correction. Long-term follow-up remains crucial for monitoring potential complications and tailoring management. New vistas on the horizon involve advancements in imaging, genetic studies, and minimally invasive treatments. Case studies like the one presented also contribute valuable insights, expanding our understanding of these rare venous anomalies. In conclusion, RSVC agenesis and PLSVC pose unique diagnostic and management challenges due to their rarity and variable presentations. Continued research and collaboration are essential to reveal their pathophysiology, improve diagnostic accuracy, and optimize treatment outcomes for individuals with these congenital venous anomalies.
- ANDRÉS SEBASTIÁN VITERI HINOJOSA