Artroplastia total do joelho em pacientes com sequelas de poliomielite: revisão sistemática
Artroplastia total do joelho em pacientes com sequelas de poliomielite: revisão sistemática
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.8208192523109
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Palavras-chave: Artroplastia do joelho; Poliomielite; Implantes ortopédicos; Sobrevida protética.
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Keywords: Knee arthroplasty; Poliomyelitis; Orthopedic implants; Implant survival.
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Abstract: Introduction: Poliomyelitis still leaves millions with irreversible motor sequelae, favoring early knee osteoarthritis with pain, instability, and progressive functional loss. Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is the main option for advanced stages but presents specific technical challenges in this group. Objective: To systematically gather and critically analyze evidence on clinical outcomes, complications, and implant survival of TKA in patients with poliomyelitis sequelae. Methods: A systematic review was performed in PubMed, LILACS, and Elsevier (2014–2025) according to PRISMA guidelines. Original studies with ≥5 patients undergoing TKA due to poliomyelitis sequelae, reporting clinical outcomes and complications, were included. Results: Six studies were included, totaling 123 patients. Mean age ranged from 51 to 66 years, with female predominance. Most cases used custom rotating-hinge prostheses with cemented fixation and high-constraint inserts to compensate for muscle weakness and instability. Significant improvements were observed in the Knee Society Score (KSS) and Oxford Knee Score (OKS) after TKA. Implant survival was lower than in the general population (86.6% at 10 years; 53.9% at 15 years). Main complications were recurvatum, periprosthetic fractures, and mechanical failures, usually managed by targeted revisions. Conclusion: TKA in patients with poliomyelitis sequelae is effective in pain relief and joint function recovery, provided that individualized planning and proper prosthesis selection address instability and muscle weakness. Higher-level prospective studies are needed to validate and standardize surgical strategies for this subgroup.
- Aline Helen Neuhaus
- Antuny Rodrigues Rosa