Review of Therapeutic and Diagnostic Innovations in Tuberculosis: Overcoming Drug Resistance with Integrated Approaches

• DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.1594822402096

• Palavras-chave: Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis, Therapeutic Innovations, Rapid Diagnosis

• Keywords: Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis, Therapeutic Innovations, Rapid Diagnosis

• Abstract:

  Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide, with drug-resistant TB (TB-DR) emerging as a critical challenge in the fight against the disease. This article reviews recent innovations in therapeutic and diagnostic approaches for TB, emphasizing strategies to overcome drug resistance. We explore the updated World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines for the treatment of TB-DR, including the incorporation of new drugs such as bedaquiline and delamanid, which have significantly improved treatment outcomes. Additionally, we discuss emerging diagnostic technologies such as GeneXpert and LAMP, which enable rapid and accurate detection of TB-DR, particularly in resource-limited settings. Innovative therapeutic approaches, including the use of nanotechnology and immunomodulators, are also analyzed, highlighting their potential to transform TB clinical management. Finally, this article addresses the challenges of implementing these new technologies in resource-limited contexts and proposes integrated solutions that combine therapeutic and diagnostic advances with personalized strategies for the effective management of drug-resistant tuberculosis.