REVIEW OF KIDNEY DISEASE AS A CHRONIC COMPLICATION OF TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS

• DOI: 10.22533/at.ed.1593802302108

• Palavras-chave: Diabetes; complications; kidney disease.

• Keywords: Diabetes; complications; kidney disease.

• Abstract:

  Introduction: Metabolic changes caused by diabetes mellitus can lead to the development of acute and chronic complications, such as nephropathy and neuropathy. Severe chronic kidney disease (CKD) is one of the main complications related to type 2 diabetes (T2DM) with a 10 times higher prevalence among diabetics. Given this, there is much speculation about the impact that diabetes has as a predisposing factor for CKD. Therefore, the present work sought to understand how kidney disease is a complicating factor for patients with diabetes and the possible treatments available. Methodology: the study is a review, where articles from different databases were analyzed, such as PubMed, Scielo and Elsevier, in addition to the Clinical Guidelines of the Brazilian Society of Diabetes, using the key words: diabetes, kidney disease, disease diabetes, risk factors and clinical studies (in Portuguese and English) using the Boolean descriptors “and” and “or”. Articles referring to the years 2015 to 2021 that had at least two key words in the title were collected. Results: Diabetes is one of the main factors for the progression of kidney damage, largely due to functional and structural changes in kidney cells in response to excessive influx of cellular glucose. Diabetes mellitus and associated CKD lead to a higher risk of cardiovascular morbidity and all-cause mortality, in addition, patients with diabetes compared to non-diabetics have a higher rate of developing end-stage renal disease. For patients with chronic kidney disease, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) close to 7% is recommended as a treatment goal for DM2 for those with nephropathy without severe dysfunction and HbA1C < 7.5-8% for those with advanced kidney disease or on dialysis therapy Conclusion: This review described kidney disease as a complicating factor for patients with diabetes.