REVISÃO BIBLIOGRÁFICA: O PAPEL DOS MICRORNAS NA INFECÇÃO PELO VÍRUS DA HEPATITE C
REVISÃO BIBLIOGRÁFICA: O PAPEL DOS MICRORNAS NA INFECÇÃO PELO VÍRUS DA HEPATITE C
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.8208112612013
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Palavras-chave: hepatite C, microRNAs, biomarcadores, doença hepática.
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Keywords: hepatitis C, microRNAs, biomarkers, liver disease.
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Abstract: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) were described in 1993 and are small non-coding RNAs of 19 to 25 nucleotides that act in the post-transcriptional regulation of a target messenger RNA, which may result in translation repression, degradation, or deadenylation. MiRNAs play a crucial role in gene expression regulation, with dynamic and complex mechanisms. The existing literature highlights the importance of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of hepatitis C and the progression of liver disease. The hepatitis C virus utilizes the host cell machinery in different ways, regulating genes and controlling the expression of host miRNAs, resulting in altered miRNA expression profiles during viral replication. The objective of this review is to analyze the data available in the literature on the role of miRNAs in chronic hepatitis C, with an emphasis on the molecular mechanisms between miRNAs and their targets in the context of infection, disease progression, and their potential use as non-invasive biomarkers in diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. This is a narrative review with searches on the PubMed (NCBI) platform, considering articles published between 2020 and 2025. After detailed analysis of the articles found, considering inclusion and exclusion criteria, 19 articles were selected. The literature analyzed shows that miRNAs such as miR-34a, miR-21, miR-155-5p, miR-199a-5p, miR-29a, miR-192, and miR-15b-5p are involved in regulatory pathways critical for fibrogenesis, liver inflammation, and malignant transformation, making them useful as potential biomarkers. MiR-122 stands out as the main target among the studies analyzed. New studies are essential to consolidate the use of miRNAs in medical practice, as they are emerging as highly relevant non-invasive markers in precision medicine focused on liver diseases.
- Julio Cesar de Jesus Barbosa
- Paulo Henrique dos Santos Bento
- Raíssa Maria Figueiredo Viturino
- Luísa Hoffmann
- Juliene Antonio Ramos