Complex resection and caval reconstruction in primary inferior vena cava leiomyosarcoma

• DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.9735825151211

• Palavras-chave: Retroperitoneal sarcoma, Vena cava sarcoma, Vascular reconstruction

• Keywords: Retroperitoneal sarcoma, Vena cava sarcoma, Vascular reconstruction

• Abstract:

  This article describes a primary leiomyosarcoma of the inferior vena cava in the context of retroperitoneal sarcomas, emphasizing its epidemiological, diagnostic, and therapeutic aspects. A case report is presented of a patient with an invasive retroperitoneal mass, highlighting the diagnostic investigation, surgical planning, and the need for oncological resection associated with vascular reconstruction. The discussion addresses the rarity of the entity, the technical challenges of the surgical approach, prognostic factors, and the limited role of adjuvant therapies, in light of the current literature. It is concluded that surgical treatment with free margins remains the main determinant of survival, and multidisciplinary management in specialized centers is essential for optimizing oncological outcomes.