Respuesta del maíz blanco harinoso tipo Chazo a las condiciones agroclimáticas de Cevallos, Tungurahua, Ecuador

• DOI: 10.22533/at.ed.9733152312094

• Palavras-chave: Zea mays, variedad nativa, fertilización, distancias de siembra

• Keywords: Zea mays, native variety, fertilization, sowing distances

• Abstract: Corn productivity (Zea mays L.) can be affected by both biotic and abiotic factors, as well as agronomic management, mainly in native varieties. In this study, the effect of fertilization and planting distance of Chazo-type floury white maize on yield parameters was evaluated. The study was carried out in the Municipality of Cevallos, province of Tungurahua, Ecuador during August 2020 and March 2021 under a Split Plot experimental design. The qualitative characteristics evaluated showed that 100% of the ears had excellent coverage, 44% of the ears had a conical shape and the arrangement of the grain rows was irregular in 43%, while 55% of the grains were round. Regarding the quantitative descriptors (plant height, number of leaves, ear insertion height, leaf length and leaf width) no statistical differences were detected due to the effect of the interaction between fertilization and planting distances. The ear weight showed significant differences due to the effect of fertilization, with higher values ​​being observed with 100% fertilization. Yield was shown to be affected by fertilization, obtaining the maximum values ​​with 100% fertilization; on the contrary, no effect of planting distance and the interaction between factors was detected. The Chazo-type maize showed good adaptability to the edaphoclimatic conditions of the evaluated area, however, it is recommended to carry out similar studies in different altitudinal zones of the province of Tungurahua in order to validate its behavior in the province.