RELATIONSHIP OF GUT MICROBIOTA AND MENTAL HEALTH: THE INFLUENCE OF THE GUT-BRAIN AXIS

• DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.1594252411039

• Palavras-chave: Brain. Gut-Brain Axis. Mental health.

• Keywords: Brain. Gut-Brain Axis. Mental health.

• Abstract:

  Introduction: The intestinal microbiota, composed of a diversity of microorganisms, plays a crucial role in mental health through the Gut-Brain Axis. This study sought to deepen the understanding of this relationship and its influence on the organism's homeostasis. Rationale: Understanding the influence of the intestinal microbiota on the Gut-Brain Axis is essential to identify new therapeutic and preventive approaches in the area of mental health, emphasizing the importance of a balanced microbiota for emotional and cognitive balance. Objectives: Analyze the relationship between the intestine and the brain and its influence on maintaining body stability. Methods: A qualitative approach was adopted through a literature review. The research involved the selection of scientific articles in databases such as PubMed, SciELO and LILACS, using descriptors such as "Brain-Gut Axis", "Brain" and "Mental Health" combined with the Boolean term "AND". Articles in Portuguese and English from the last seven years (2017 to 2023) were considered, excluding studies outside the scope of the research or with paid access. Results: Evidence indicates that the intestinal microbiota has significant potential to modulate the functions of the gastrointestinal tract and the brain through the Gut-Brain Microbiota Axis, a bidirectional communication pathway between these organs. Conclusions: The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in regulating gastrointestinal and brain functions through the Gut-Brain Microbiota Axis, using microbial signals and metabolites. However, longitudinal studies in humans are urgently needed to understand the origins and consequences of microbial imbalances, which are linked to neurological and neuroendocrine disorders. New experimental approaches under development promise to significantly contribute to essential advances in this field, providing essential discoveries in this area, highlighting the solid connection between the gut microbiota and mental health, reinforcing the importance of maintaining a balanced microbiota for psychological well-being.