PEANUT PRODUCTION (Arachis hypogaea L.) WITH TWO VARIETIES, DIFFERENT FERTILIZER DOSES, AND DRIP IRRIGATION

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• Abstract:

  In Mexico, peanut cultivation (Arachis hypogaea) is an important economic activity for producers in Chihuahua, Sinaloa, San Luis Potosí, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Chiapas, Morelos, Nayarit, Oaxaca, and Puebla. Yields have increased by 34.6% over the last decade; however, production volumes are insufficient to meet domestic demand for this oilseed, with 7.6% of global imports. This study was conducted to evaluate the production of two peanut varieties with different fertilization doses. Two peanut varieties were evaluated: Bailey Virginia and Tamrun OL 11 Runner. Fertilization was carried out with the treatments AO zero (0), FQ 50% + AO 100 kg ha⁻¹of nitrogen and FQ 100% 200 kg ha⁻¹of nitrogen and in both FQ 80 kg ha⁻¹of phosphorus, applied after germination; phosphorus (P) in the early stages of crop development, and nitrogen (N) fractionated four times, in the treatments of AO zero (0) and FQ 50% + AO 100 kg N ha⁻¹  20 L ha⁻¹  of 12% organic acid was added. A randomized block experimental design with split plots and 4 replicates was used. The Bailey variety was outstanding in peanut yield with drip irrigation, with a statistical difference in specific weight, weight of 100 fruits, and no difference in number of pods and grains per pod. The yield comparison showed that the higher yield means a potential gap of 107%; the deviation in the b/c ratio was 115%, and in terms of productivity in relation to water use, indices of 8.67 $ m3-and 1,009 kg m3-of water were achieved with the Bailey variety, representing a deviation of 152% from the national average. To improve the response in peanut production capacity under arid conditions, a more sustainable technology package is recommended, exceeding the limit of 2.0 t ha⁻¹.