Princípios Biomecânicos Comparados: Prótese Parcial Fixa vs. Prótese sobre Implantes
Princípios Biomecânicos Comparados: Prótese Parcial Fixa vs. Prótese sobre Implantes
-
DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.82082122607075
-
Palavras-chave: prótese parcial fixa, prótese sobre implante, osseointegração, transmissão de cargas, materiais oclusais, ajuste oclusal.
-
Keywords: fixed partial denture, implant-supported prosthesis, osseointegration, load transmission, occlusal materials, occlusal adjustment.
-
Abstract: This study reviews the literature on the biomechanical differences between fixed partial dentures (FPDs) and implant-supported prostheses (ISPs). Understanding these principles is essential for the clinical success of prosthetic rehabilitations. The analysis included aspects such as retention, resistance, marginal integrity, preservation of dental and periodontal tissues, proprioception, bone and implant characteristics, as well as the influence of occlusal materials on load transmission and the particularities of occlusal adjustment in conventional FPDs and implant-supported prostheses. It was concluded that, due to the structural and functional differences between natural teeth and implants, the biomechanical principles involved are distinct. In ISPs, the absence of the periodontal ligament results in the direct transmission of forces to the bone, without significant cushioning by occlusal materials, thus requiring adapted occlusal schemes. Respect for the biology of peri-implant tissues is essential, considering parameters such as an average biologic width of approximately 2 mm and the presence of at least 2 mm of keratinized mucosa.
- José Boaventura Zumaêta Costa
- João Victor Oliveira Falcão de Almeida
- Ícaro Silva Christian Nobre
- Joemer Camargos Moutinho