PREECLAMPSIA AND ENDOTHELIAL DYSFUNCTION: NEW BIOMARKERS AND PREVENTION STRATEGIES

• DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.15953325281013

• Palavras-chave: Preeclampsia; Endothelial dysfunction; Biomarkers; Prevention; Obstetrics.

• Keywords: Preeclampsia; Endothelial dysfunction; Biomarkers; Prevention; Obstetrics.

• Abstract:

  Preeclampsia (PE) is one of the leading causes of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality worldwide, characterized by hypertension and multisystem dysfunction after the 20th week of gestation. The pathophysiology involves abnormal placental implantation and endothelial dysfunction, mediated by an imbalance between angiogenic and antiangiogenic factors. This review article discusses current pathogenic mechanisms, emerging biomarkers (such as sFlt-1/PlGF), and prevention strategies, including the use of low-dose aspirin, risk monitoring, and early hemodynamic follow-up. Studies published between 2016 and 2024 in the PubMed, SciELO, and UpToDate databases were reviewed. It is concluded that early diagnosis and personalized prevention based on biomarkers represent the future of modern obstetrics, reducing serious complications and improving maternal-fetal outcomes.