Pre-Anesthetic Evaluation And Its Impact On Reducing Perioperative Risks And Complications

• DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.1595272529079

• Palavras-chave: Preanesthetic evaluation; Perioperative and Risk Reduction

• Keywords: Preanesthetic evaluation; Perioperative and Risk Reduction´

• Abstract: Preanesthetic evaluation (APA) is crucial to ensure patient safety during surgical procedures, identifying specific risks, and allowing for appropriate selection of anesthetic technique. As highlighted by Zheng SH and Mei XP (2021), the assessment determines patients' ability to tolerate anesthesia and contributes to the reduction of perioperative complications, as also recommended by CFM Resolution 2,174 and ASA guidelines (ASA, 2020). In line with the considerations of Nocite (2020), preanesthetic evaluation not only determines the most appropriate technique, but also identifies potential medical complications. The objective of this integrative review is to investigate the effectiveness of preanesthetic evaluation in reducing perioperative risks and complications by searching electronic databases, including PubMed, Lilacs, and Google Scholar, with articles published from 2020 to 2024. To define the research question, the PICo (Population, Phenomenon, Context) strategy was used. The reviewed studies justify the importance of preanesthetic evaluation in reducing perioperative complications, associated with the routine implementation of APA in preoperative services. APA not only improves perioperative prognosis but also reduces overall procedure costs by preventing surgery cancellations and optimizing the use of hospital resources. The creation and implementation of hospital protocols are crucial to maximize the financial and clinical benefits of preanesthetic evaluation. Considering the challenges in the implementation of the guidelines, it is suggested to investigate the reasons for non-compliance with the recommendations, with a view to improving clinical practice and promoting a more comprehensive and effective preanesthetic evaluation.